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Clownfish and Anemones — Symbiosis, Climate Change and Lessons of Tolerance
A fragile partnership Clownfish and sea anemones live in symbiosis. The anemone protects the fish with its stinging tentacles, while the clownfish keeps predators away and brings nutrients. Remove one, and the other suffers.
Clownfish are protected by a special mucus that prevents the anemone’s stings. In return, their constant fanning aerates the tentacles and their nitrogen-rich waste feeds the anemone’s symbiotic algae — a true nutrient exchange beyond shelter. Common hosts include Entacmaea quadricolor, Heteractis magnifica and Stichodactyla gigantea. 
Fine Art Clownfish in Anemone — Fine Art PrintBring this reef moment home. Limited edition print from the Clownfish & Anemones story. Sizes, papers and shipping details on the product page. View sizes & pricing
Key facts — Clownfish (Anemonefishes, Amphiprioninae)
Climate change and bleaching Rising sea temperatures cause anemones to bleach — turning ghostly white and losing their ability to host. Without their safe shelter, clownfish populations decline, echoing the wider reef crisis.
Anemone bleaching mirrors coral bleaching: under heat stress they lose their symbiotic algae (Symbiodiniaceae), turn white and weaken. Recovery can take months; repeated events reduce reproduction in both partners and shrink local clownfish colonies. 
Lessons for us From this, I’ve learned tolerance. If the ocean embraces change, why shouldn’t we? Nature abhors a vacuum and always finds balance. Watching these tiny fish taught me that difference is not weakness, but resilience.
These images were made over multiple seasons on Indo-Pacific reefs, working slow and hands-off: no touching, no repositioning, and minimal light to avoid stress. Conclusion Clownfish are more than cartoon icons. They are symbols of interdependence, adaptation, and the urgent need to protect reefs before their lessons disappear with them. 
How to watch clownfish responsibly
Hot wave of Climate chance
How Heatwaves Will Reshape Our Lives – And Why We Need to Talk About It Now
In a previous article, I questioned how our brain perceives—or ignores—climate change. Why so much inaction despite clear warning signs?
As a photographer committed to conservation, this question haunts me: do my images still have an impact? And if so, should they showcase beauty… or danger? Neuroscientist Albert Moukheiber reminds us: to raise awareness, we need to talk about tangible, close, and concrete events. And what’s more tangible than a heatwave? I’m also an economics teacher. And when I hear business leaders on the radio expressing concern about declining profits during heatwaves, I realize something: to talk about ecology to some people, we first need to talk about money. Maybe if we took the time to observe the real cost of heatwaves, we’d understand that climate change isn’t a distant abstraction… but a present economic, social, and human variable. And a global issue, not just a national one. 
Climate change : Where is the Nature ?
WHY IS IT GETTING HOTTER? WHERE DO MODERN HEATWAVES COME FROM ?
Since 1970, the frequency of heatwaves has increased 5 to 10 times depending on the region. 
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Choose your future
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Choose your future
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WELLBEING, MOBILITY & AN INVISIBLE LEVER
In France, the average home-work distance is 15.7 km.
That’s 31.4 km round trip, often by car. Over a year (220 working days), that's nearly 7,000 km driven per person, mainly in cities.
Let’s imagine two people doing the same job at the same salary—but living on opposite ends. They cross paths every morning in traffic. What if we hired more locally?
The French Environment Agency estimates that reducing just 10% of these daily trips would save the equivalent of 66 roundtrip flights Paris–New York in CO₂ per year, in just one urban area.
It’s not just ecological. It’s also a question of wellbeing. Shorter commutes reduce stress, absenteeism, and improve quality of life. A lever too often overlooked.
In France, the average home-work distance is 15.7 km.
That’s 31.4 km round trip, often by car. Over a year (220 working days), that's nearly 7,000 km driven per person, mainly in cities.
Let’s imagine two people doing the same job at the same salary—but living on opposite ends. They cross paths every morning in traffic. What if we hired more locally?
The French Environment Agency estimates that reducing just 10% of these daily trips would save the equivalent of 66 roundtrip flights Paris–New York in CO₂ per year, in just one urban area.
It’s not just ecological. It’s also a question of wellbeing. Shorter commutes reduce stress, absenteeism, and improve quality of life. A lever too often overlooked.
Collective transport ?
Heatwaves, Climate & Hidden Costs: The Economic Price of Global Warming :
Behind the official rhetoric, climate change often hides deep hypocrisies.
The first plays out on our roads: in the name of a cleaner planet, the most polluting vehicles are banned from major European cities like Paris through Low Emission Zones (LEZ). Yet those very same vehicles — 2CVs, Renault 4Ls, old diesel 4x4s and buses — are exported to developing countries, where they run daily. In Antananarivo, Madagascar, traffic jams are accompanied by a constant stream of black exhaust, proof that the pollution hasn’t disappeared… it has simply changed latitude.
The second hypocrisy takes to the skies. Certain regional flight routes deemed “unprofitable” are cut, forcing passengers to take far longer itineraries. A direct flight from Mayotte to Madagascar (about 724 km) has been replaced by a connection via Réunion (Mayotte–Réunion: 1,414 km, then Réunion–Madagascar: 857 km). The result: more than double the distance flown, producing roughly 2.4 times more CO₂ per passenger, solely because the direct link was removed.
Instead of undermining these “short-haul” regional routes, governments could introduce a decarbonisation incentive: subsidising airlines that commit to cutting emissions through sustainable fuels, more efficient aircraft, or carbon quotas. Conversely, penalties should apply to carriers that eliminate these links in favour of more polluting itineraries.
These contradictions show that the ecological transition cannot simply shift pollution elsewhere or hide its real cost. It demands coherent, measurable policies that deliver a genuine climate benefit.
Behind the official rhetoric, climate change often hides deep hypocrisies.
The first plays out on our roads: in the name of a cleaner planet, the most polluting vehicles are banned from major European cities like Paris through Low Emission Zones (LEZ). Yet those very same vehicles — 2CVs, Renault 4Ls, old diesel 4x4s and buses — are exported to developing countries, where they run daily. In Antananarivo, Madagascar, traffic jams are accompanied by a constant stream of black exhaust, proof that the pollution hasn’t disappeared… it has simply changed latitude.
The second hypocrisy takes to the skies. Certain regional flight routes deemed “unprofitable” are cut, forcing passengers to take far longer itineraries. A direct flight from Mayotte to Madagascar (about 724 km) has been replaced by a connection via Réunion (Mayotte–Réunion: 1,414 km, then Réunion–Madagascar: 857 km). The result: more than double the distance flown, producing roughly 2.4 times more CO₂ per passenger, solely because the direct link was removed.
Instead of undermining these “short-haul” regional routes, governments could introduce a decarbonisation incentive: subsidising airlines that commit to cutting emissions through sustainable fuels, more efficient aircraft, or carbon quotas. Conversely, penalties should apply to carriers that eliminate these links in favour of more polluting itineraries.
These contradictions show that the ecological transition cannot simply shift pollution elsewhere or hide its real cost. It demands coherent, measurable policies that deliver a genuine climate benefit.
Old car, second market...
TAXES, INFRASTRUCTURE, WHO WILL PAY ?
More frequent heatwaves mean:
So yes, climate has a financial cost. And pretending otherwise is just deferring the bill.
More frequent heatwaves mean:
- Reinforced health services
- Renovated schools and public buildings
- Urban redesign for climate resilience
So yes, climate has a financial cost. And pretending otherwise is just deferring the bill.
Happiness and consomption
WHAT CAN WE DO ?
Change our habits. Our relationship with nature. Our consumption.
Take the Vanuatu, a country among the most vulnerable to climate change (cyclones, volcanoes, rising seas) and one of the poorest economically. Yet it consistently ranks among the happiest countries on Earth, according to the Happy Planet Index.
Why? Because happiness there is decoupled from consumption. Rooted in social ties, nature, and simplicity.
Maybe our resilience also lies there: in reconnecting with what matters. In forging deeper, more joyful bonds with the living world—and with one another.
Change our habits. Our relationship with nature. Our consumption.
Take the Vanuatu, a country among the most vulnerable to climate change (cyclones, volcanoes, rising seas) and one of the poorest economically. Yet it consistently ranks among the happiest countries on Earth, according to the Happy Planet Index.
Why? Because happiness there is decoupled from consumption. Rooted in social ties, nature, and simplicity.
Maybe our resilience also lies there: in reconnecting with what matters. In forging deeper, more joyful bonds with the living world—and with one another.
What we need is Green
A PLANETARY SPIRAL
What happens here affects what happens elsewhere—and vice versa.
Bleached coral reefs in Australia or Mayotte reflect rising ocean temperatures. Urban CO₂ emissions drive acidification and disrupt marine ecosystems. Butterfly effect.
If we don't adapt our urban lifestyles, the spiral will continue. And the reminders from nature will only grow louder.
What happens here affects what happens elsewhere—and vice versa.
Bleached coral reefs in Australia or Mayotte reflect rising ocean temperatures. Urban CO₂ emissions drive acidification and disrupt marine ecosystems. Butterfly effect.
If we don't adapt our urban lifestyles, the spiral will continue. And the reminders from nature will only grow louder.
Invisible effect of our actions on nature
But another silent threat looms above us: the water crisis.
Less rainfall, strained aquifers, dried-up rivers. Extreme heat also means less water—for drinking, farming, healing. Mayotte, Spain, India, the southern US are already facing rationing. The real tipping point for humanity might not be temperature... but thirst. If we don’t anticipate this, it won’t just be our comfort at risk—it’s our stability. Our peace. Our humanity.
Should we continue supporting a system that encourages more births to fund pensions or feed consumer markets—when the planet itself is not growing? Or should we rethink the model, decouple well-being from demographics, and build a society whose wealth lies elsewhere?
Demography is a global issue, but that doesn’t prevent nations from leading by example. Some countries—through innovation, culture, or values—can act as moral compasses. We don’t have to wait. We can show that less can mean more—that happiness can thrive in simplicity.
Because the coral bleaching in Australia, Mayotte, or elsewhere is directly connected to what happens in the world’s major cities. Butterfly effect. And our responses—urban lifestyles, carbon emissions—are in turn accelerating ocean acidification, weakening marine ecosystems, triggering a downward spiral.
What we do here determines what survives there—and vice versa. Nature will remind us. Louder and louder.
We can tell ourselves that changing alone won’t matter. Or we can believe that each personal shift is the spark of a greater collective motion.
And let’s remember: ecology is neither left nor right. It shouldn’t be a political stance. It is our shared foundation. A vital, common ground that concerns us all.
Whatever your job, beliefs, or identity—we all have something to gain.
Let’s choose change. While we still can.
Less rainfall, strained aquifers, dried-up rivers. Extreme heat also means less water—for drinking, farming, healing. Mayotte, Spain, India, the southern US are already facing rationing. The real tipping point for humanity might not be temperature... but thirst. If we don’t anticipate this, it won’t just be our comfort at risk—it’s our stability. Our peace. Our humanity.
Should we continue supporting a system that encourages more births to fund pensions or feed consumer markets—when the planet itself is not growing? Or should we rethink the model, decouple well-being from demographics, and build a society whose wealth lies elsewhere?
Demography is a global issue, but that doesn’t prevent nations from leading by example. Some countries—through innovation, culture, or values—can act as moral compasses. We don’t have to wait. We can show that less can mean more—that happiness can thrive in simplicity.
Because the coral bleaching in Australia, Mayotte, or elsewhere is directly connected to what happens in the world’s major cities. Butterfly effect. And our responses—urban lifestyles, carbon emissions—are in turn accelerating ocean acidification, weakening marine ecosystems, triggering a downward spiral.
What we do here determines what survives there—and vice versa. Nature will remind us. Louder and louder.
We can tell ourselves that changing alone won’t matter. Or we can believe that each personal shift is the spark of a greater collective motion.
And let’s remember: ecology is neither left nor right. It shouldn’t be a political stance. It is our shared foundation. A vital, common ground that concerns us all.
Whatever your job, beliefs, or identity—we all have something to gain.
Let’s choose change. While we still can.
FAQ — Heatwaves & Hidden Costs
What is an urban heat island?
A city microclimate where built surfaces trap heat, raising temperatures versus rural areas. It increases cooling demand, health risks and infrastructure stress.
How do heatwaves impact the economy?
Reduced labor productivity, health costs, grid stress and damage to transport networks raise public and private expenses, with cascading effects on prices and taxes.
What helps cities adapt?
Trees and shade, cool roofs, permeable surfaces, early-warning systems, heat action plans, water access and design that prioritizes the most exposed people.
I sent a portfolio to a magazine Plongez and received the response: "You have beautiful photos, but a portfolio should have been taken at several different locations." Meaning: you need to travel.
The same magazine, through its editorial, praises our beautiful planet that must be preserved, but in reality, participates in mass tourism by selling advertising space to travel agencies specializing in trips to the other side of the world...
This leads me to a broader reflection. I see some photographers traveling across the globe in search of the "unique" shot, exploring Antarctica, the whales of Tonga, or the manta rays of Roca Partida. Ultimately, an "easy" photo, given how daily these places are touched by humans. But is this still true wildlife photography? These places are so crowded that nature has lost its raw character. By being immortalized so often, these locations have almost become movie sets, stages where wildlife has become accustomed to posing for humans.
The same magazine, through its editorial, praises our beautiful planet that must be preserved, but in reality, participates in mass tourism by selling advertising space to travel agencies specializing in trips to the other side of the world...
This leads me to a broader reflection. I see some photographers traveling across the globe in search of the "unique" shot, exploring Antarctica, the whales of Tonga, or the manta rays of Roca Partida. Ultimately, an "easy" photo, given how daily these places are touched by humans. But is this still true wildlife photography? These places are so crowded that nature has lost its raw character. By being immortalized so often, these locations have almost become movie sets, stages where wildlife has become accustomed to posing for humans.
And photography contests only fuel this mindset: winning awards in Raja Ampat, the Philippines, etc., to validate a portfolio that must absolutely be exotic... I admit, I’ve played that game myself. But in the end, I made a different choice: to stay on an island, limit my travels, and fully appreciate the lagoon, its dolphins, turtles, and corals… rather than chasing miles.
What’s the point of being offered a three-day trip to Raja Ampat when I can swim with dolphins, turtles, whales, and mantas right where I live? Why do these photographers, instead of valuing or denouncing the state of nature near them, end up playing along with this strange game orchestrated by a few magazines that need to sell advertising space?
What’s the point of being offered a three-day trip to Raja Ampat when I can swim with dolphins, turtles, whales, and mantas right where I live? Why do these photographers, instead of valuing or denouncing the state of nature near them, end up playing along with this strange game orchestrated by a few magazines that need to sell advertising space?
Is our role as photographers to showcase the beauty of the world, or to sell travel to distant lands that, in the end, would do without this mass tourism?
Well, I wanted to voice this complaint. Too bad for the magazine that rejected my photos because they come from the same location. And good for me, I can now save money on a magazine that’s gone from 4 to 12 euros in ten years... and stay true to my values.
Well, I wanted to voice this complaint. Too bad for the magazine that rejected my photos because they come from the same location. And good for me, I can now save money on a magazine that’s gone from 4 to 12 euros in ten years... and stay true to my values.
When you start creating your first films, editing is often a "home-based" process: simple editing, lightweight formats (H.264), and no anticipation of the final distribution. But from the moment you aim to sell a documentary, even a short film, everything changes. Here are the key evolutions to understand to move to a professional level.
1. Organize Your Editing in Final Cut Pro
1. Organize Your Editing in Final Cut Pro
- Choose a 25 fps timeline from the start.
- Work with ProRes 422 HQ or ProRes RAW files for optimal quality.
- Use Proxy Mode for smooth editing with heavy files.
- Prepare audio tracks with multilingual output in mind from the beginning (original version, French version, etc.).
2. Anticipate Multilingual Needs and SubtitlesTo sell internationally:
- Create multiple audio tracks.
- Prepare .srt subtitle files in different languages.
- Final Cut Pro for multilingual audio management.
- Simon Says, Transcriptive to automate subtitle creation.
3. Clean Export with CompressorAdvantages of Compressor:
- Export in ProRes, H.264, HEVC.
- Prepare multi-track audio exports.
- Not ideal for complex multiplexing.
- Limited advanced subtitle handling.
- Use Compressor for simple, clean exports.
- Switch to other tools for more complex delivery formats.
4. Create a DCP for Cinema ProjectionDCP (Digital Cinema Package) is the standard format for cinema projection.
- Video in JPEG2000, Audio in PCM 48kHz/24bits.
- Framerate at 24 or 25 fps.
- Container: DCI Flat (3996x2160) or Scope (4096x1716).
- Required for cinema projection.
- International standardization.
- Optimal image and sound quality.
- About 1 GB per minute in 2K,
- Up to 2–3 GB per minute in 4K.
- DCP-o-matic to create DCPs easily.
5. Distribute Your Film Through Aggregators: Filmhub, BitmaxTo sell on major platforms (Apple TV, Amazon Prime, Tubi, etc.):
Main aggregators:
Conclusion:
Transitioning from "home editing" to professional editing means understanding that every stage (editing, export, distribution) must be planned from the start for the final destination.
It’s a demanding evolution, but incredibly rewarding.
✨ And it's also the key to having your films travel far beyond your computer screen.
Main aggregators:
- Filmhub: commission-based on sales.
- Bitmax: fixed entry fees, more direct access.
- Prepare a flawless master (video + audio + subtitles) to be accepted without additional corrections.
Conclusion:
Transitioning from "home editing" to professional editing means understanding that every stage (editing, export, distribution) must be planned from the start for the final destination.
It’s a demanding evolution, but incredibly rewarding.
✨ And it's also the key to having your films travel far beyond your computer screen.
Planning Nosy Be? This guide covers the real seasons, where to dive by level, the whale-shark window, currents and ethics—field-tested in the Indian Ocean. Need tailored advice? I reply within 24–48h.
Explore Nosy Be diving with underwater photographer Serge Melesan: Sakatia, Tanikely, Mitsio and Radama. Real seasons, whale sharks (Sep–Dec), mantas, dolphins, coral gardens. Safety, currents and ethical encounters. Field-tested advice for scuba travel, conservation stories and fine art collectors.
Nosy Be, the pearl of the Indian Ocean, is an unmissable diving destination for underwater enthusiasts. Located off the northwest coast of Madagascar, this island is home to exceptional sites where marine biodiversity thrives in spectacular settings.
A Forest of Gorgonians: A Stunning Underwater Landscape
One of the most impressive sights in Nosy Be is undoubtedly the vast expanse of its gorgonians. These fan corals, often compared to underwater trees, majestically spread across deep reefs. Unlike other diving destinations where gorgonians are of modest size, those in Nosy Be reach extraordinary proportions, creating an almost surreal landscape. Every dive through these gigantic structures feels like swimming through an underwater forest, a sanctuary for countless species of fish and invertebrates.
One of the most impressive sights in Nosy Be is undoubtedly the vast expanse of its gorgonians. These fan corals, often compared to underwater trees, majestically spread across deep reefs. Unlike other diving destinations where gorgonians are of modest size, those in Nosy Be reach extraordinary proportions, creating an almost surreal landscape. Every dive through these gigantic structures feels like swimming through an underwater forest, a sanctuary for countless species of fish and invertebrates.
Nosy Be on the beach
Nosy Be — whale-shark window (Sep–Dec). Gentle reefs at Sakatia & Tanikely; expeditions to Mitsio & Radama. © Serge Melesan
Encounter with the Juvenile Whale Shark :
Nosy Be is also one of the rare places in the world where juvenile whale sharks can be observed. These ocean giants, still young, peacefully roam the island’s plankton-rich waters. Unlike adult whale sharks often seen in other regions, those in Nosy Be typically measure between 4 and 8 meters and tend to be more playful, offering divers unforgettable encounters. The best season to observe them is generally from September to December when they come to feed in these nutrient-rich waters.
While this encounter is exceptional, it is best experienced through diving, where a small group can truly appreciate the beauty of this giant in a respectful and non-intrusive way. Unfortunately, mass tourism has led to situations where more than five boats, each carrying 12 eager tourists, converge on a single whale shark, turning the experience into a chaotic chase for the perfect Instagram shot. A better regulation of boat activity and stricter guidelines on whale shark interactions would greatly enhance the quality of observations while ensuring the well-being of these magnificent creatures.
Nosy Be is also one of the rare places in the world where juvenile whale sharks can be observed. These ocean giants, still young, peacefully roam the island’s plankton-rich waters. Unlike adult whale sharks often seen in other regions, those in Nosy Be typically measure between 4 and 8 meters and tend to be more playful, offering divers unforgettable encounters. The best season to observe them is generally from September to December when they come to feed in these nutrient-rich waters.
While this encounter is exceptional, it is best experienced through diving, where a small group can truly appreciate the beauty of this giant in a respectful and non-intrusive way. Unfortunately, mass tourism has led to situations where more than five boats, each carrying 12 eager tourists, converge on a single whale shark, turning the experience into a chaotic chase for the perfect Instagram shot. A better regulation of boat activity and stricter guidelines on whale shark interactions would greatly enhance the quality of observations while ensuring the well-being of these magnificent creatures.
The Mysterious Guitar Shark
Another fascinating inhabitant of Nosy Be’s seabed is the guitar shark. This rare and discreet species, appearing as a cross between a shark and a ray, blends perfectly into the sandy lagoons and coral bottoms. Its distinctive appearance and placid behavior make it an intriguing encounter for experienced divers. Not aggressive but difficult to spot, the guitar shark is a hidden gem of Nosy Be, requiring patience and a keen eye to find.
Another fascinating inhabitant of Nosy Be’s seabed is the guitar shark. This rare and discreet species, appearing as a cross between a shark and a ray, blends perfectly into the sandy lagoons and coral bottoms. Its distinctive appearance and placid behavior make it an intriguing encounter for experienced divers. Not aggressive but difficult to spot, the guitar shark is a hidden gem of Nosy Be, requiring patience and a keen eye to find.
The Elusive Omura’s Whale
Nosy Be is also one of the few places in the world where the elusive Omura’s whale can be observed. This whale species, still little known to scientists, moves discreetly through Madagascar’s waters. Unlike the larger humpback whales, Omura’s whale is smaller, measuring between 10 and 12 meters, and exhibits more elusive behavior.
It is distinguished by its slender silhouette and asymmetrical head markings. The species was named after Japanese cetologist Hideo Omura, who significantly contributed to marine mammal research. Observing one is a rare privilege, making each encounter even more precious for cetacean enthusiasts and researchers striving to learn more about this enigmatic species.
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An Exceptional Biodiversity
Beyond these emblematic species, Nosy Be boasts an incredible variety of marine life: manta rays, pygmy seahorses, leaf scorpionfish, sea turtles, and a multitude of brightly colored nudibranchs populate its reefs and dramatic drop-offs. Every dive holds its share of surprises, making Nosy Be a dream destination for marine life enthusiasts.
Scuba Diving Travel — Nosy Be, Madagascar
Nosy Be is a diver’s paradise in the Mozambique Channel, where encounters with whale sharks, manta rays, and sea turtles are part of the adventure. Coral gardens and drop-offs shelter a remarkable variety of marine species, making every dive a unique experience. Serge Melesan’s fine art photography brings the underwater beauty of Nosy Be to life, blending artistic vision with conservation storytelling.
Discover more ocean destinations: Mayotte | French Polynesia | Bahamas
A Fragile Ecosystem to Protect
While Nosy Be is a paradise for divers, it is crucial to emphasize the importance of its conservation. Responsible tourism and coral reef protection are essential to ensuring the longevity of this unique ecosystem. Several local initiatives, such as marine protected areas and diver awareness campaigns, aim to minimize human impact on this natural wonder.
Nosy Be remains an extraordinary destination where nature expresses itself in all its splendor. Diving into its waters is like entering another world—one where wild beauty reigns supreme, and each immersion unveils a new treasure from the depths.
While Nosy Be is a paradise for divers, it is crucial to emphasize the importance of its conservation. Responsible tourism and coral reef protection are essential to ensuring the longevity of this unique ecosystem. Several local initiatives, such as marine protected areas and diver awareness campaigns, aim to minimize human impact on this natural wonder.
Nosy Be remains an extraordinary destination where nature expresses itself in all its splendor. Diving into its waters is like entering another world—one where wild beauty reigns supreme, and each immersion unveils a new treasure from the depths.
Nosy Be — Frequently Asked Questions
Short, field-tested answers. I don’t sell trips or take commissions — this is straight advice.
When is the best season to dive Nosy Be?
April–December is generally stable. The whale-shark window is ~September–December. January–March can bring wind/rain and lower visibility (cyclonic season).
Which sites suit my level (beginner / intermediate / advanced)?
Sakatia & Tanikely — gentler reefs, great for beginners & macro practice.
Mitsio & Radama — more depth, occasional drifts and bigger life; better for intermediate/advanced with boat logistics.
How to see whale sharks responsibly?
- Go in calm seas, early starts; September–December is the prime window.
- No chasing, one boat at a time; enter the water quietly.
- Stay off the tail line, keep respectful distance; limit time with one animal.
- Brief your skipper/guide on the code of conduct before leaving.
Are currents dangerous in Nosy Be?
Mostly mild to moderate, but plan for drifts. Check incoming/outgoing before each dive, agree on SMB use and pickup plan, avoid down-current zones along walls, and follow the guide’s briefing.
Photo basics for clear water (wide & macro)?
- Wide + dome (reefs/whale sharks): 1/250–1/500 · f/8–f/11 · ISO 200–400; mind the sun angle to reduce backscatter.
- Macro (Sakatia/Tanikely): steady approach, watch surge; consider focus light and modest strobe power.
Can I combine forest & diving in one trip?
Yes. Many travelers pair Nosy Be diving with Andasibe & Pangalanes (forest/wildlife). Optional extension: Sainte-Marie for those who want extra diving/logistics comfort.
Do you book trips or take commissions?
No. I don’t sell trips or take commissions. I provide honest, ethical guidance and reply personally within 24–48h.
Still have a question? Fill the form below — I’ll reply within 24–48h.
Need tailored Nosy Be advice?
I don’t sell trips or take commissions. I reply personally within 24–48h.
Join the Nosy Be 10-Day Underwater Photography Workshop
Small group, daily dives, in-water coaching, and evening editing with Serge Melesan.
More places to dive: Mayotte · French Polynesia — Rangiroa vs Fakarava · Bahamas · Baja California
This book took ten years of my life.
A decade of diving, dreaming, drifting. Of carrying my camera across oceans — from French Polynesia to Wallis and Futuna, from New Caledonia to Mayotte, Nosy Be, La Réunion and Zanzibar… even to the Sea of Cortez, in search of the great white shark I once thought to be the ultimate predator — until I met the orcas in Mayotte’s lagoon.
This book is not just about the ocean. It’s about the people I’ve met along the way: scientists, volunteers, photographers, travelers, and all those whose love for nature and the sea helped shape my path.
A decade of diving, dreaming, drifting. Of carrying my camera across oceans — from French Polynesia to Wallis and Futuna, from New Caledonia to Mayotte, Nosy Be, La Réunion and Zanzibar… even to the Sea of Cortez, in search of the great white shark I once thought to be the ultimate predator — until I met the orcas in Mayotte’s lagoon.
This book is not just about the ocean. It’s about the people I’ve met along the way: scientists, volunteers, photographers, travelers, and all those whose love for nature and the sea helped shape my path.
The Role of Encounters
First of all — I just love being in the water.
Watching animals move in silence. Observing how fragile they are — and how our behavior as humans, especially in isolated regions, often makes or breaks their survival.
Like the time I saw a Filipino trawler fishing illegally in Fijian waters, chasing sharks to fuel China’s appetite for “aphrodisiac” fins.
Nothing is ever black or white. Without ecotourism, these places would be left to poachers and drift nets. But with the right resources, locals can protect what feeds them — both economically and spiritually.
First of all — I just love being in the water.
Watching animals move in silence. Observing how fragile they are — and how our behavior as humans, especially in isolated regions, often makes or breaks their survival.
Like the time I saw a Filipino trawler fishing illegally in Fijian waters, chasing sharks to fuel China’s appetite for “aphrodisiac” fins.
Nothing is ever black or white. Without ecotourism, these places would be left to poachers and drift nets. But with the right resources, locals can protect what feeds them — both economically and spiritually.
Why This Book Was Born
At first, I didn’t want to make a book.
I’ve always preferred video — movement, sound, immersion. (You’ll find some links to my underwater films in this digital version.)
But over time, I started collecting moments. Frozen fragments of encounters that seemed to speak louder than words.
Turtles nesting in Mayotte. A blacktip reef shark gliding through shallow coral. A pod of dolphins at sunset. And with it, a sense of urgency grew — to protect what I was witnessing.
So I made this book.
Not to tell my story, but to share these encounters — brief for you, perhaps. Just a few pages. But for me, they were months, sometimes years of waiting, returning, trying again.
Until the perfect moment finally came.
At first, I didn’t want to make a book.
I’ve always preferred video — movement, sound, immersion. (You’ll find some links to my underwater films in this digital version.)
But over time, I started collecting moments. Frozen fragments of encounters that seemed to speak louder than words.
Turtles nesting in Mayotte. A blacktip reef shark gliding through shallow coral. A pod of dolphins at sunset. And with it, a sense of urgency grew — to protect what I was witnessing.
So I made this book.
Not to tell my story, but to share these encounters — brief for you, perhaps. Just a few pages. But for me, they were months, sometimes years of waiting, returning, trying again.
Until the perfect moment finally came.
How to read this book?
After your purchase, you'll receive an instant download link. The book is delivered as a 204 MB EPUB file — easy to open and read on most devices.
- iPhone / iPad: opens directly in the Apple Books app
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- Computers: open it with Calibre or a free EPUB reader
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A journey that starts with a simple click
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Stories from Beneath the Surface
There was this time my dive partner and I descended onto a familiar reef — or so we thought. After a few minutes searching left and right for a coral block that usually serves as a landmark, we found… nothing.
We surfaced, puzzled — only to realize we had been caught by a current pulling us far from the coast. We drifted… for hours. Five of them. Every kick seemed to push us further.
Until a fisherman, returning from the open ocean with a massive sailfish on board, spotted us and brought us back to safety.
That was the first time I saw a sailfish. And let me tell you — I had no complaints that day.
Another time, I was fixated on photographing a clownfish between the tentacles of its anemone — carefully waiting for the perfect alignment.
When I surfaced, the other divers laughed: “You missed it!” They showed me a video of four manta rays swirling right above me for over fifteen minutes… and I hadn’t noticed.
But that’s the thing: as a photographer, you must know what you’re looking for — and stay with it.
That day, I had a macro lens. The mantas were stunning, but not the image I came for.
The clownfish was.
There was this time my dive partner and I descended onto a familiar reef — or so we thought. After a few minutes searching left and right for a coral block that usually serves as a landmark, we found… nothing.
We surfaced, puzzled — only to realize we had been caught by a current pulling us far from the coast. We drifted… for hours. Five of them. Every kick seemed to push us further.
Until a fisherman, returning from the open ocean with a massive sailfish on board, spotted us and brought us back to safety.
That was the first time I saw a sailfish. And let me tell you — I had no complaints that day.
Another time, I was fixated on photographing a clownfish between the tentacles of its anemone — carefully waiting for the perfect alignment.
When I surfaced, the other divers laughed: “You missed it!” They showed me a video of four manta rays swirling right above me for over fifteen minutes… and I hadn’t noticed.
But that’s the thing: as a photographer, you must know what you’re looking for — and stay with it.
That day, I had a macro lens. The mantas were stunning, but not the image I came for.
The clownfish was.
Why This Book Matters
Over the years, I went from travel photographer to underwater photographer, then to wildlife photographer and now, I feel it’s my duty to focus on conservation.
To tell stories that matter. Because the planet is changing. Fast.
And thanks to your support, I can tell the story of the last humpback dolphins of Mayotte — vanishing, blending, hybridizing with other species out of desperation.
I can give my photos to local NGOs like Oulanga Na Nyamba, who work tirelessly to protect sea turtles in Mayotte.
I can write for media outlets who raise awareness about coral bleaching, plastic pollution, ocean acidification and warming seas.
Yes — thanks to you, these images travel.
Thanks to you, these stories take shape.
And it’s to make sure these encounters between nature and people keep happening… that I’ve spent the last ten years underwater.
Over the years, I went from travel photographer to underwater photographer, then to wildlife photographer and now, I feel it’s my duty to focus on conservation.
To tell stories that matter. Because the planet is changing. Fast.
And thanks to your support, I can tell the story of the last humpback dolphins of Mayotte — vanishing, blending, hybridizing with other species out of desperation.
I can give my photos to local NGOs like Oulanga Na Nyamba, who work tirelessly to protect sea turtles in Mayotte.
I can write for media outlets who raise awareness about coral bleaching, plastic pollution, ocean acidification and warming seas.
Yes — thanks to you, these images travel.
Thanks to you, these stories take shape.
And it’s to make sure these encounters between nature and people keep happening… that I’ve spent the last ten years underwater.
Why Sound of Silence ?
I didn’t even like that song in 6th grade. I didn’t understand it. Now I do.
Because I took the time to listen. And that’s how we change. When we’re finally ready to hear.
- A nod to Cousteau’s The Silent World — but beneath the waves, the world isn’t silent. It hums, it echoes. There is a sound to silence.
- Underwater, you can’t talk — except to yourself. And when you stay long enough, you start hearing that inner voice. Like in yoga, you realign. You find meaning.
- Despite all our technologies, we rarely listen anymore. We speak to make noise. But real answers often come in silence. That’s also where nature speaks — not through words, but through presence. A presence we’re erasing.
I didn’t even like that song in 6th grade. I didn’t understand it. Now I do.
Because I took the time to listen. And that’s how we change. When we’re finally ready to hear.
Sound of Silence – The Ocean Quest
A 139-page book about what’s really happening in the ocean. Facts, images, choices. This is a statement. This is what we stand for.
What we need to protect.
□ A digital gift for the first 100 readers.
What is dolphin skin made of?
Dolphin skin is made of a highly elastic outer epidermis combined with a dense, collagen-rich dermis underneath. This structure allows the surface of the skin to deform microscopically as water flows across it, absorbing turbulence instead of letting it build up. Unlike most animals, dolphins continuously renew their outer skin layer, which helps keep the surface extremely smooth and free from parasites, algae, and drag-inducing roughness.
This unique combination of elasticity, rapid regeneration, and micro-scale surface control is one of the key reasons dolphins can swim at high speeds with remarkably low resistance.
Dolphin skin is made of a highly elastic outer epidermis combined with a dense, collagen-rich dermis underneath. This structure allows the surface of the skin to deform microscopically as water flows across it, absorbing turbulence instead of letting it build up. Unlike most animals, dolphins continuously renew their outer skin layer, which helps keep the surface extremely smooth and free from parasites, algae, and drag-inducing roughness.
This unique combination of elasticity, rapid regeneration, and micro-scale surface control is one of the key reasons dolphins can swim at high speeds with remarkably low resistance.
In the mysterious depths of the ocean, every species has had to adapt to the relentless laws of physics to survive. Among the champions of hydrodynamics, dolphins and sharks dominate the waters, reaching impressive speeds and navigating with an ease that defies comprehension. Behind their performance lies an evolutionary secret: the structure of their skin.
Dolphin skin under magnification — The smooth, elastic surface of dolphin skin helps dampen turbulence and maintain a stable flow of water along the body, reducing drag and improving swimming efficiency.
The Dolphin's Secret: Intelligent Skin
Dolphins, true acrobats of the ocean, can slice through the water at speeds exceeding 50 km/h (31 mph). The common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), for example, is known for its bursts of speed and ability to surf the waves. Its secret lies partly in the dynamic structure of its skin. Composed of an elastic outer layer and a deeper layer of collagen, their skin absorbs and dampens water turbulence. This phenomenon, known as drag reduction, allows them to minimize resistance and conserve energy.
Studies have shown that dolphin skin contains microscopic folds that adjust according to hydrodynamic forces, reducing vortices that would otherwise slow them down. Some researchers are now drawing inspiration from this structure to design anti-friction materials for the naval and aerospace industries.
One notable example is the development of dolphin-inspired coatings for submarines and ships. Engineers have tested flexible hull materials that mimic dolphin skin’s ability to adjust to water pressure, leading to reduced fuel consumption and increased speed. This technology could revolutionize underwater transportation by making vessels more energy-efficient and maneuverable.
Dolphins, true acrobats of the ocean, can slice through the water at speeds exceeding 50 km/h (31 mph). The common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), for example, is known for its bursts of speed and ability to surf the waves. Its secret lies partly in the dynamic structure of its skin. Composed of an elastic outer layer and a deeper layer of collagen, their skin absorbs and dampens water turbulence. This phenomenon, known as drag reduction, allows them to minimize resistance and conserve energy.
Studies have shown that dolphin skin contains microscopic folds that adjust according to hydrodynamic forces, reducing vortices that would otherwise slow them down. Some researchers are now drawing inspiration from this structure to design anti-friction materials for the naval and aerospace industries.
One notable example is the development of dolphin-inspired coatings for submarines and ships. Engineers have tested flexible hull materials that mimic dolphin skin’s ability to adjust to water pressure, leading to reduced fuel consumption and increased speed. This technology could revolutionize underwater transportation by making vessels more energy-efficient and maneuverable.
The Living Armor of Sharks
While dolphin skin is flexible and dynamic, shark skin is a true microscopic armor. Covered in tiny dermal denticles—small rigid structures similar to serrated scales—it plays a crucial role in their speed and maneuverability.
The great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), for example, can reach speeds of up to 56 km/h (35 mph) thanks to this adaptation. The dermal denticles create a textured surface that channels water into fine layers, reducing drag and increasing swimming efficiency. This unique coating also limits the growth of algae and parasites, an evolutionary advantage that allows sharks to maintain optimal hydrodynamics without being slowed down by unwanted organisms.
Inspired by this adaptation, engineers have developed biomimetic coatings for ship hulls and swimsuits. In fact, some shark-skin-inspired swimsuits were banned from the Olympic Games after it was proven that they provided swimmers with an unfair advantage.
While dolphin skin is flexible and dynamic, shark skin is a true microscopic armor. Covered in tiny dermal denticles—small rigid structures similar to serrated scales—it plays a crucial role in their speed and maneuverability.
The great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), for example, can reach speeds of up to 56 km/h (35 mph) thanks to this adaptation. The dermal denticles create a textured surface that channels water into fine layers, reducing drag and increasing swimming efficiency. This unique coating also limits the growth of algae and parasites, an evolutionary advantage that allows sharks to maintain optimal hydrodynamics without being slowed down by unwanted organisms.
Inspired by this adaptation, engineers have developed biomimetic coatings for ship hulls and swimsuits. In fact, some shark-skin-inspired swimsuits were banned from the Olympic Games after it was proven that they provided swimmers with an unfair advantage.
Why dolphin skin is so hydrodynamically efficientWater flowing over a dolphin’s body does not behave like it does over a rigid surface.
Because the skin is soft and elastic, it can subtly adapt to changes in pressure and flow, reducing the formation of turbulent vortices that normally slow an object down in water.
This effect is known as turbulence damping.
Instead of breaking the flow into chaotic swirls, dolphin skin helps maintain a smoother boundary layer, allowing water to slide along the body with minimal energy loss. This is why dolphins can cruise efficiently for long distances and still reach explosive bursts of speed when hunting or escaping.
Because the skin is soft and elastic, it can subtly adapt to changes in pressure and flow, reducing the formation of turbulent vortices that normally slow an object down in water.
This effect is known as turbulence damping.
Instead of breaking the flow into chaotic swirls, dolphin skin helps maintain a smoother boundary layer, allowing water to slide along the body with minimal energy loss. This is why dolphins can cruise efficiently for long distances and still reach explosive bursts of speed when hunting or escaping.
Shark skin vs dolphin skin — two different solutions to the same problemAlthough dolphins and sharks both move with extraordinary efficiency through water, their skins solve the problem in completely different ways.
Shark skin is covered with millions of microscopic tooth-like structures called dermal denticles. These tiny ridges channel water into narrow streams, reducing drag and preventing turbulent flow from forming. This system is so effective that it has inspired modern aircraft coatings, swimsuits, and boat hulls through biomimicry.
Dolphin skin, on the other hand, does not rely on hard structures. Instead, it uses soft, deformable tissue to smooth out water movement dynamically.
One species uses micro-armor to guide the flow.
The other uses elasticity to absorb it.
Two evolutionary paths — same hydrodynamic goal.
Shark skin is covered with millions of microscopic tooth-like structures called dermal denticles. These tiny ridges channel water into narrow streams, reducing drag and preventing turbulent flow from forming. This system is so effective that it has inspired modern aircraft coatings, swimsuits, and boat hulls through biomimicry.
Dolphin skin, on the other hand, does not rely on hard structures. Instead, it uses soft, deformable tissue to smooth out water movement dynamically.
One species uses micro-armor to guide the flow.
The other uses elasticity to absorb it.
Two evolutionary paths — same hydrodynamic goal.
Why Can't Humans Compete?
Unlike dolphins and sharks, the human body is not designed for optimal hydrodynamics. Our smooth skin creates more friction with water, and our muscles are not optimized for efficient propulsion in this element. Even with cutting-edge equipment, we remain far from the natural efficiency of these marine predators.
Unlike dolphins and sharks, the human body is not designed for optimal hydrodynamics. Our smooth skin creates more friction with water, and our muscles are not optimized for efficient propulsion in this element. Even with cutting-edge equipment, we remain far from the natural efficiency of these marine predators.
Sharkskin: The Banned Technology
In the 2000s, sports equipment manufacturers designed swimsuits inspired by shark skin, called sharkskin suits. These suits were covered with micro-relief structures mimicking the dermal denticles of sharks, reducing drag and improving buoyancy. They allowed swimmers to shave off crucial fractions of a second in competition.
Their effectiveness was so remarkable that at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, over 90% of medalists wore these suits, breaking numerous world records. In response to this disparity, the International Swimming Federation (FINA) decided to ban these swimsuits in 2010, arguing that they provided an artificial advantage beyond the athletes' natural abilities.
However, while based on the concept of shark denticles, these suits did not perfectly replicate the complex structure of real shark skin. Shark skin functions not only through its texture but also through the flexibility and dynamics of its denticles, which adapt to water flow. Despite its biomimetic inspiration, sharkskin technology remained an approximation of nature's perfection.
In the 2000s, sports equipment manufacturers designed swimsuits inspired by shark skin, called sharkskin suits. These suits were covered with micro-relief structures mimicking the dermal denticles of sharks, reducing drag and improving buoyancy. They allowed swimmers to shave off crucial fractions of a second in competition.
Their effectiveness was so remarkable that at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, over 90% of medalists wore these suits, breaking numerous world records. In response to this disparity, the International Swimming Federation (FINA) decided to ban these swimsuits in 2010, arguing that they provided an artificial advantage beyond the athletes' natural abilities.
However, while based on the concept of shark denticles, these suits did not perfectly replicate the complex structure of real shark skin. Shark skin functions not only through its texture but also through the flexibility and dynamics of its denticles, which adapt to water flow. Despite its biomimetic inspiration, sharkskin technology remained an approximation of nature's perfection.
Two Strategies, One Goal
Dolphins and sharks have taken different evolutionary paths to achieve the same result: fluid and efficient navigation. While dolphin skin adapts in real time to turbulence, shark skin stiffens and channels water flow. Two fascinating biomechanical solutions that highlight nature's ingenuity.
In laboratories worldwide, these natural marvels are inspiring innovations in fields ranging from maritime transport to sports equipment. Prototypes of dolphin-inspired submarines are being developed, and biomimetic underwater drones based on shark skin could one day revolutionize ocean exploration. Once again, the ocean proves to be an infinite reservoir of solutions for the future.
And beyond dolphins and sharks, other marine creatures hold secrets of hydrodynamic perfection. From the streamlined bodies of orcas to the undulating propulsion of cuttlefish, the ocean continues to challenge our understanding and inspire the next wave of human innovation.
Dolphins and sharks have taken different evolutionary paths to achieve the same result: fluid and efficient navigation. While dolphin skin adapts in real time to turbulence, shark skin stiffens and channels water flow. Two fascinating biomechanical solutions that highlight nature's ingenuity.
In laboratories worldwide, these natural marvels are inspiring innovations in fields ranging from maritime transport to sports equipment. Prototypes of dolphin-inspired submarines are being developed, and biomimetic underwater drones based on shark skin could one day revolutionize ocean exploration. Once again, the ocean proves to be an infinite reservoir of solutions for the future.
And beyond dolphins and sharks, other marine creatures hold secrets of hydrodynamic perfection. From the streamlined bodies of orcas to the undulating propulsion of cuttlefish, the ocean continues to challenge our understanding and inspire the next wave of human innovation.
Frequently asked questions
What does dolphin skin feel like?
Dolphin skin feels smooth and firm, with a rubber-like elasticity that allows it to flex under pressure from moving water.
Why is dolphin skin so smooth?
Dolphins continuously renew the outer layer of their skin, which helps prevent algae, parasites, and roughness from building up.
How does shark skin reduce drag?
Shark skin is covered with microscopic dermal denticles that create tiny channels in the water flow, helping reduce turbulence and drag.
Can humans copy dolphin or shark skin?
Yes. Both dolphin-skin-inspired elasticity and shark-skin-inspired micro-textures have influenced biomimetic designs for surfaces built to reduce drag.
Read More : The business of Sharks
Today, I wanted to talk to you about something else that weighs on my heart.
I discovered the animal sanctuary La Tanière by chance, during a stop near Chartres, in France. This extraordinary place gives shelter to animals rescued from customs seizures, circuses, illegal breeding operations, or tourist attractions. Many arrive broken — physically or emotionally — and the team there does everything to heal them, rehabilitate them, or at the very least, offer them a dignified life… or a dignified end.
I discovered the animal sanctuary La Tanière by chance, during a stop near Chartres, in France. This extraordinary place gives shelter to animals rescued from customs seizures, circuses, illegal breeding operations, or tourist attractions. Many arrive broken — physically or emotionally — and the team there does everything to heal them, rehabilitate them, or at the very least, offer them a dignified life… or a dignified end.
Among the stories that left a mark on me is Isabella, a tigress whose claws and teeth were brutally removed so that tourists could pose next to her without risk. This act of cruelty was reportedly committed in India. Or these lions abandoned by a Spanish circus, left starving and untreated in their cages.
This sanctuary touched me deeply. It opened my eyes to something devastating: the wildlife trafficking trade, which is not just a distant problem. Even in France, over 3,000 wild animals are seized every year by customs. Globally, wildlife trafficking is the fourth largest criminal activity, after drugs, weapons, and human trafficking — worth over $23 billion annually and affecting millions of animals each year.
This sanctuary touched me deeply. It opened my eyes to something devastating: the wildlife trafficking trade, which is not just a distant problem. Even in France, over 3,000 wild animals are seized every year by customs. Globally, wildlife trafficking is the fourth largest criminal activity, after drugs, weapons, and human trafficking — worth over $23 billion annually and affecting millions of animals each year.
Decline of Iconic Wildlife Species (1970–2020)
| Species | 1970 | 2020 | Decline |
|---|---|---|---|
| African Elephants | 1,300,000 | 415,000 | -68% |
| Tigers | 50,000 | 3,900 | -92% |
| Lions | 200,000 | 20,000 | -90% |
| Giraffes | 140,000 | 68,000 | -51% |
The What We Lost series was born out of that shock. It pays tribute to endangered species — tigers, elephants, rhinos, lions, giraffes — but also to our lost connection with the wild. Each image is a silent prayer, a fragile memory, a way to say: Look at what we are losing.
And let’s be honest: our actions as tourists often fuel this suffering. Behind an exotic photo or a selfie with a wild animal, there may be hidden chains, forced obedience, or lifelong captivity. Just for a few seconds of content. We should never let a simple Instagram post justify that kind of cruelty.
And let’s be honest: our actions as tourists often fuel this suffering. Behind an exotic photo or a selfie with a wild animal, there may be hidden chains, forced obedience, or lifelong captivity. Just for a few seconds of content. We should never let a simple Instagram post justify that kind of cruelty.
30% of all sales from this series will be donated to the La Tanière sanctuary.
This is not about money. It’s about responsibility.
This is not about money. It’s about responsibility.
Serge Melesan
Underwater & Fine Art Ocean Photographer
Underwater & Fine Art Ocean Photographer
Specialist in Fine Art Ocean Photography. Published in Oceanographic Magazine & Earth.org. National Geographic Traveller – Portfolio Winner (2023).
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